it's impossible to identify anything as universal to all
european music. but there are a number of things which have
historically derived from european communities that they can be
understood under the european music umbrella. an example would
be the emphasis on order. that doesn't mean that all european
music has an emphasis on order, or that all music which
emphasizes order is european. but emphasis on order is an
attribute of european music.

the way it fans out from there is a means of understanding how
european music has spread through western civilization. that emphasis on
order is exemplified in every instrument we take two be it
the piano, the voice, guitar, etc. through different genres
it also manifests differently. regionally it shows up
differently. and by generations. but the core of it remains
throughout all its variations.
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as you can see, this is pretty much completely useless in terms of telling you anything

let's be blunt. 'black music' is a floating abstraction - a concept not grounded in well understood references to reality. different people taking it to mean entirely different things, but keep using it with no acknowledgement of this. for instance this very thread, you said music of the diaspora, someone else said music of black Americans, Afkap said music with certain distinct sonic qualities, and so on

so if all these people keep using the term, but it's not the semantic meaning of the phrase that keeps it in use, then one has to wonder what IS. that's where i get suspicious. like i say personally i wouldn't use the term because i find it unhelpful. not that i don't credit certain black musicians with innovating widely used ideas, or certain ideas originating from cultural influence/heritage