covered most of them already, but a a few others worth mentioning despite being somewhat popular:

Thomas Vinterberg (The Celebration, The Hunt)
Olivier Assayas (Carlos!)
Denis Villeneuve (Incendies, Prisoners, Enemy
David Michod (Animal Kingdom)
Gottz Spielmann (Revanche, October November)
Takeshi Kitano (Sonatine, Fireworks, Violent Cop)
Laurent Cantet (The Class, Time Out, Human Resources, but avoid his latest, Firefox, at all costs)
Pablo Larrain (No)
Jose Padilha (Bus 174, Elite Squad 2, Robocop)
Giorgos Lanthimos (Dogtooh, Alps)
Leos Carax (Amants du Pont-Neuf is a must see, didn't love Holy Motors as much as others although still interesting)
Andrea Arnold (Fish Tank)
Tomas Alfredson (Tinker Tailor Soldier Spy, Let The Right One In)
Tom Tykwer (Run Lola Run, Cloud Atlas)
Lone Scherfig (Italian For Beginners, An Education, Wilbur Wants To Kill Himself)
Carlos Regadas (Post Tenebras Lux)
Gareth Evans (The Raid)
J.A. Bayona (The Orphanage, The Impossible)
Sally Potter (Orlando, Ginger & Rosa)

and of course Steve McQueen and Nicolas Winding Refn

Music, movies, and everything in between: http://recordinglivefromsomewhere.com & http://twitter.com/marko_orlic